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What Happens to a Bond After You Buy It

An Oracle 30-year issued in February is quoted near 84 today. Four bonds from the past show the three ways that story ends, with dated prices from fund filings rather than estimates.

Prices as filed; Oracle quote dated 25 Sep 2026

Published Sep 26, 2026, 7:30 PM ET

Data through Sep 26, 2026

TL;DR

  • Oracle's 6.700% notes of 2056 were issued on 2 February 2026 at 99.820 and are quoted near 84.25. Including the coupon and accrued interest that is about an 11% loss in under eight months on an investment-grade credit.
  • It is not a slow bleed. Fund filings mark the bond at 94.1 on 30 June 2026, so roughly ten of the sixteen points of price loss happened in July, August and September.
  • The investment-grade index barely moved over the same stretch: 74bp in late January to 79bp now. The market widened about 5bp while this single bond widened about 83bp.
  • Amazon's 2.500% of 2050 is the closest historical analogue and the most uncomfortable. Credit never impaired, and $10,000 of face is worth $7,312 including six years of coupons. Every dollar of that loss is duration.
  • The rate trap pays you first. The Amazon bond was up 10 points inside two months before it was down 40, which is why almost nobody sees it coming.

The bond this is all about

Oracle issued 6.700% senior notes due 2056 on 2 February 2026 at 99.820, yielding 6.714%. On 25 September 2026 they are quoted near 84.25, a yield of about 8.11%.

Buy $12,000 of face, which is twelve bonds, and you paid $11,978. Today that is $10,110 of market value plus $402 of coupon and about $101 of accrued interest, so $10,633 against $11,978, a loss of about 11% on an investment-grade credit in under eight months.

Two things about that are not what people assume.

It was not a slow bleed. Fund filings mark the bond at 94.13 on 30 June 2026, and at 96.31 a month before that. Roughly ten of the sixteen points of price loss happened in July, August and September.

The market did not do it. Over the same stretch the investment-grade index went from about 74bp to 79bp. The market widened about 5bp while this one bond widened about 83bp. Whatever this is, it is specific.

The move decomposes to roughly +57bp of 30-year Treasury (4.90% to 5.47%) and +83bp of credit spread (181bp to 264bp). So most of it is the market repricing Oracle, and a meaningful minority is duration.

So what happens next? Nobody knows. But four bonds from the past show the three shapes this can take, and unlike a scenario chart they actually happened.


Case 1. The rate trap, and it pays you first

Amazon 2.500% notes due 2050. Issued 3 June 2020 at 98.977 to yield 2.549%.

DateClean priceFunds confirming
3 Jun 2020, issue98.977prospectus
31 Jul 2020109.05032
31 Oct 202099.10624
31 Mar 202189.49383
31 Dec 202195.1732
30 Sep 202262.3752
30 Sep 202358.4962
30 Jun 202657.9382

$10,000 of face cost $9,897.70. Twelve coupons of $125 have paid $1,500. The bonds are worth $5,793.80 plus $18.75 of accrued. Total $7,312.55, a return of −26.1% over six years. Price only, −41.5%.

Amazon's credit was never impaired. Its rating did not go down and its cash pile went up. Every dollar of that loss is duration.

Apple's 2.650% of 2050, issued three weeks earlier at 98.571, did −21.4% including coupons and −37.9% on price. Two different issuers, the same outcome, so nothing about this is Amazon-specific.

The part that matters, and the reason this is the most useful case on the page: the Amazon bond was up more than 10 points inside two months before it was down forty. It printed 109.05 on 31 July 2020. Anyone who bought the new issue was sitting on a 10% gain by the summer and a 40% loss by 2022.

That July spike is real and it reconciles: the 30-year Treasury went 1.41% on 30 June to 1.20% on 31 July to 1.49% on 31 August. On roughly twenty years of duration, that is the whole round trip.

The rate trap does not announce itself. It pays you first.


Case 2. The crisis coupon that paid twice

Carnival 11.500% first-priority secured notes due 2023. Issued 8 April 2020 at 99.000, yielding about 11.91%, secured on the ships.

DateClean priceFunds confirming
8 Apr 2020, issue99.000prospectus
30 Apr 2020104.48460
30 Jun 2020108.24489
31 Dec 2020115.63282
31 Mar 2021114.62570
30 Sep 2021111.644115

Carnival tendered for them in July 2021 at 114.25 per 100, plus accrued. The rest were redeemed with a term loan that October.

$10,000 of face cost $9,900. Interest over the 15.6 months to settlement came to $1,495. The tender paid $11,425. Total $12,920, a return of +30.5%.

Even if you missed the new issue and bought three weeks later at 104.484, you still made +23.0%.

This is the case people have in mind when they buy a fat coupon in a frightening moment, and it is real. The distinction that matters: Carnival paid you for a risk that did not materialise. Oracle's 6.700% pays a fat coupon for a risk that is still in front of it.


Case 3. The floor, and what happens to a bond the day it stops being a bond

WorldCom 8.250% notes due 2031. Issued 9 May 2001 at 98.098. Investment grade. Unsecured. Maturities out to 2031, 99.8% of the company's debt fixed-rate. Structurally, the same seat as an Oracle long bond.

DatePriceFunds confirming$10,000 face
9 May 2001, issue98.098prospectus$9,810
31 Dec 2001105.7166$10,571
31 Mar 2002, SEC inquiry79.52 to 82.2111about $8,000
30 Apr 2002, CEO resigns44.0017$4,400
30 Jun 2002, fraud disclosed15.1428$1,514
30 Sep 2002, trough12.252$1,225
31 Dec 200224.0023$2,400
31 Dec 200333.7513$3,375

It went from +5.7% to −88% in nine months, and never missed a coupon on the way down.

Here is the finding that no scenario chart can give you. WorldCom issued a 7.500% tranche due 2011 in the same deal. Before default the two traded apart, as they should: at the end of 2001 the 2031s were 105.71 and the 2011s 102.65, a twenty-year maturity gap priced as duration.

From 30 June 2002 onward the two bonds print at exactly the same price at every single date: 15.00, 13.25, 24.00, 29.75, 33.75.

The day a bond defaults, its maturity and its coupon stop mattering. It is no longer a stream of payments, it is a claim in a class, and every claim in that class is worth the same. That is the whole lesson of default in two rows.

The plan of reorganisation, filed with the SEC, gave senior noteholders new MCI notes at .357 of the allowed claim. Through the plan, $10,000 of face returned about $4,449 including the two coupons received, a loss of 54.6%. A holder who sold at the September 2002 trough got 12.25 and gave up roughly two thirds of what the plan eventually paid.

One caution, because the number is often quoted carelessly: 35.7 cents was the notes election. Holders could instead take 14.28 shares per $1,000, which implied $25 a share, and MCI traded well below that. What the stock election was actually worth is not something we can verify, so we do not assert it.


What the three cases say together

A long bond can lose forty percent with the credit untouched, because that is duration. It can gain thirty percent in fifteen months because the crisis you were paid for did not arrive. And it can lose nearly everything while paying every coupon right up until it does not.

The 6.700% coupon on the Oracle bond is not a yield you collect while nothing happens. It is the price the market charges for the third outcome being possible.

Hold it to 2056 and the price stops mattering: 59 more coupons and the face back. Trade it and the price is the entire investment. Those are two different investments in the same piece of paper, and the coupon is what you are paid for the difference.

Educational only. Not advice, and not a forecast.


A note on where these prices come from

Historical corporate bond prices are supposed to be hard to get. They are not, if you look in the right place.

Every US mutual fund and ETF files its portfolio holdings with the SEC, and each holding carries both the fair value and the principal amount. Divide one by the other and you have that bond's price on that date, marked by a fund's own pricing service. Search EDGAR for a CUSIP and you get every fund that held it. The Carnival CUSIP alone appears in 1,598 filings.

Cross-confirm each date across every fund that held it and you get something better than a single quote: a distribution. On most dates here the funds agree inside half a point. Where they do not, this page says so.

The same trick works before Form N-PORT existed, on the N-30D filings of 2001 and 2002, which is how the WorldCom path above was built.

Every episode (4)

CaseBought atOutcomeTotal returnWhat it teaches
Amazon 2.500% due 205098.977 on 3 Jun 202057.94 on 30 Jun 2026still openThe rate trap, and the true analogue. Credit never impaired. It was up 10 points inside two months before it was down 40.
Apple 2.650% due 205098.571 on 11 May 2020heldstill openThe same result from a different issuer, which rules out anything Amazon-specific.
Carnival 11.500% due 202399.000 on 8 Apr 2020tendered at 114.25, Jul 2021+30.5%A fat coupon bought in a crisis can pay twice, coupon and capital gain, when the risk does not materialise.
WorldCom 8.250% due 203198.098 on 9 May 200112.25 trough, Sep 2002-54.6%Investment grade and unsecured. After default its maturity and coupon stopped mattering entirely.

An episode marked still open has not finished. It is shown where it sits so far, never as a final figure.

How this was measured

Historical corporate bond prices are not freely available. FINRA TRACE sits behind a click-through that cannot be passed programmatically. The prices on this page come instead from Form N-PORT and, for the 2001-02 cases, its predecessors N-30D, N-CSR, N-Q and N-30B-2. US funds must file their portfolio holdings, and each holding carries both the security's fair value and the principal amount held, so value divided by principal gives a clean price per 100 of face on that date. Each date here is cross-confirmed across multiple independent fund filings, up to 118 for a single date, and the number of filings and the max-minus-min disagreement across them is stated for every row. Where funds genuinely disagree, as they do on the Amazon bond at 30 June 2020 across a 2.06 point range, a range is stated rather than a point. Every price is a CLEAN price, which was verified two ways: fund filings carry investments at value and interest receivable on separate lines, and a coupon-date test on the Carnival series moved the right way. This matters when comparing to the Oracle bond, whose quoted 84.25 is also clean, so Oracle's price-only loss is about 15.6% while the figure including the coupon and accrued interest is about 11.3%. Do not mix those two bases. Issue terms in every case come from the SEC-filed prospectus, not from a data vendor. Yields at issue are computed from the filed price and stated as computations. No price on this page is interpolated.

Sources

Educational commentary, not investment advice. See the full disclaimer.